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The European Journal of Orthodontics Advance Access published online on November 2, 2005
The European Journal of Orthodontics, doi:10.1093/ejo/cji086
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© The Author 2005. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the European Orthodontics Society. All rights reserved. For permissions, please email: journals.permissions@oxfordjournals.org.

Article

Assessment of open and incomplete bite correction by incisor overlap and optical density of polyvinyl siloxane bite registration

Nir Shpack 1*, Shmuel Einy 2, Lea Beni 1, and Alexander D Vardimon 1

1 Department of Orthodontics, The Maurice and Gabriela Goldschleger, School of Dental Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Israel
2 Department of Orthodontics, Tel Hashomer IDF, Israel Aviation Medical Center IAF, Israel

* To whom correspondence should be addressed.
Nir Shpack, E-mail: nshpack{at}post.tau.ac.il


  Abstract

Open bite (OB) is a generalized term, which could incorporate subgroups that react differently to vertical correction. The objectives of the present study were to detect vertical treatment changes in incomplete bite (IB: inter-incisor overlap with no lower incisor contact with teeth or palate) and OB (no inter-incisor overlap) groups compared with a complete bite (CB: inter-incisor overlap with full lower incisor contact with teeth or palate) control group, to evaluate treatment response of the central and lateral incisors, and to study the vertico-sagittal interaction. Dental casts were taken at three time points, pre-treatment, post-treatment, and after one year of retention, from 54 Class II patients (22 males and 32 females with a mean age of 11 years 6 months) divided into three groups: CB (n = 21), IB (n = 18) and OB (n = 15). Measurements included incisor overlap (mm) and optical density (OD/mm2) of occlusal bite registration made of polyvinl siloxane.

Both CB and IB groups demonstrated post-retention bite opening. However, bite opening in the CB group was three times greater than that in the IB group (e.g. lower lateral = -1.42 mm, 118 OD/mm2 versus -0.40 mm, 107 OD/mm2). Conversely, the OB group showed a significant (P < 0.001) bite closure (e.g. lower lateral = 1.30 mm, -377 OD/mm2). Overjet changes affected OD measurements, causing diversity in OD and millimetric measurements of the lateral incisors in the IB group. In conclusion, the OB group demonstrated a significant stable vertical correction; a post-treatment non-contact inter-incisor relationship was determined by a vertico-sagittal relapse; and full compensation of an IB was not possible.


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