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The European Journal of Orthodontics Advance Access published online on October 28, 2005
The European Journal of Orthodontics, doi:10.1093/ejo/cji083
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© The Author 2005. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the European Orthodontics Society. All rights reserved. For permissions, please email: journals.permissions@oxfordjournals.org.

Article

Development of a questionnaire for assessment of the psychosocial impact of dental aesthetics in young adults

Ulrich Klages 1, Nadine Claus 1, Heinrich Wehrbein 1, and Andrej Zentner 2*

1 Department of Orthodontics, University of Mainz, Germany
2 Department of Orthodontics, Academic Centre for Dentistry, Amsterdam (ACTA), The Netherlands

* To whom correspondence should be addressed.
Andrej Zentner, E-mail: azentner{at}acta.nl


  Abstract

The aim of this study was to develop a psychometric instrument for assessment of orthodontic-specific aspects of quality of life. The study subjects, 194 young adults aged 18-30 years, were interviewed using a pool of 23 items dealing with the psychosocial impact of dental aesthetics. Self- and interviewer-rating of the dental aesthetic appearance of each subject were carried out using the Aesthetic Component (AC) of the Index of Orthodontic Treatment Need (IOTN). Additionally, the Perception of Occlusion Scale and a modification of the Dental Aesthetic Index (DAI) were applied.

Factorial analyses identified four measures within the item pool, namely Dental Self-Confidence, Social Impact, Psychological Impact, and Aesthetic Concern. The factor structure was confirmed in an independent sample of 83 subjects aged 18-33 years. The reliabilities of the factor analysis-derived scales were between alpha ({alpha}) 0.85 and 0.91. They differed between respondents with varying severity of malocclusion, as assessed by subject and interviewer ratings.

The results suggest that the proposed instrument, termed the ‘Psychosocial Impact of Dental Aesthetics Questionnaire’ (PIDAQ), meets the criteria of factorial stability across samples and criterion-related validity and reliability, and might be a promising tool for further research and clinical application in orthodontics.


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