The European Journal of Orthodontics Advance Access originally published online on January 13, 2006
The European Journal of Orthodontics 2006 28(3):274-281; doi:10.1093/ejo/cji098
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The use of anthropometric proportion indices in the measurement of facial attractiveness
* Department of Orthodontics, Kingston Hospital, Kingston University, Surrey, UK
** School of Computing and Information Systems, Kingston University, Surrey, UK
Address for correspondence Raymond Edler, Orthodontic Department, Kingston Hospital, Galsworthy Road, Kingston, Surrey KT2 7QB, UK. E-mail: edler{at}richmond163.freeserve.co.uk
This study used anthropometric data in the form of Farkas' proportion indices in order to quantify facial attractiveness, and to relate measured change through surgery, to clinical judgement. Standardized photographs of 15 orthognathic patients were used in album form and rated by 10 experienced clinicians: album 1 for facial attractiveness (before surgery) and album 2 for improvement in facial attractiveness (before and after surgery). Twenty-five proportion indices were selected and linear measurements recorded from the pre- and post-surgical photographs. The corresponding change in indices and in clinicians' scores were compared.
The clinicians' assessment of the degree of improvement in facial appearance achieved through surgery, related closely to the scores produced by the change in proportion indices (r = 0.698, P = 0.004). Clinical assessment demonstrated a clear inverse relationship between initial attractiveness rating and the degree of improvement achieved through orthognathic surgery (r = –0.781, P = 0.001). The results showed good repeatability in terms of clinical assessment, photography and digitization. The method would appear to have potential for further development, possibly into a ‘facial attractiveness index’ for the objectives of quantification of improvement achieved through treatment.