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The European Journal of Orthodontics 1993 15(1):33-44; doi:10.1093/ejo/15.1.33
© 1993 by European Orthodontic Society
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A T.E.M. stereological analysis of blood vessels and nerves in marmoset periodontal ligament following endodontics and magnetic incisor extrusion

L. M. Parlange and M. R. Sims

The University of Adelaide South Australia 5001 Australia

Address for correspondence: Dr M. R. Sims, Orthodontic Unit, Department of Dentistry, The University of Adelaide, Box 498, G.P.O., Adelaide, South Australia 5001, Australia

Maxillary incisor fracture is a common dental injury. It is frequently treated by endodontic therapy, orthodontic extrusion, and a retention period. The aim of the study was to mimic this regime and stereologically quantify the vascular and neural reconstitution of the periodontal ligament (PDL). Ten marmosets (Callithrix jacchus) had the right maxillary incisor crown removed, root canal treatment, and magnetic incisor root extrusion of 1.2 mm. After incisor retention for 9 weeks, the animals were perfusion fixed for electron microscopy. The incisor PDL was sectioned at 250 micron intervals from the cervical to apical region and recorded for stereological evaluation. Further evaluations were conducted with a two-way analysis of covariance using program 3V of the BMDP-81 statistical software package. The total luminal PDL vascular volume was statistically unchanged. An increase occurred in the mean number of venous capillaries from 0.07 ± 0.3 to 0.17 ± 0.3 per 560µm2 of PDL (P<0.05). Vessel wall and luminal volume of post-capillary-sized venules decreased from 1.64 to 1.03 per cent, and 5.32 to 3.04 percent (P<0.05), respectively. Mean luminal and abluminal diameters for post-capillary-sized venules were reduced (P<0.05). Myelinated and unmyelinated axons showed no significant change in volume (Vv), length (Lv), or surface (Sv) densities. Axon number/unit, PDL area, and mean diameters demonstrated no statistical differences. Since the PDL demonstrated almost complete morphological re-establishment of the microvascular and axon systems, it is considered that this clinical treatment is a justifiable rationale.


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M.R. Sims, P.I. Leppard, W.J. Sampson, and C.W. Dreyer
Microvascular Luminal Volume Changes in Aged Mouse Periodontal Ligament
Journal of Dental Research, July 1, 1996; 75(7): 1503 - 1511.
[Abstract] [PDF]


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